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WA MENIE. DIFFERENTIAL GEARNG. Mmrcmlun mw MMU 1915.

Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Suva/14.4101: W/f//m M600/6 W. MENNIE.

DIFFERENTEAL GEARING.

APPLICATION man MAY r3, 1915 1 1 93,709. Patented Aug. 8, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET wif/mm Mem/e,

` y l l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WELIAM mm, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN. ASSIGN O1?. OE' FORTY-NDTE OEI'Ea B'U'NDBEDTES TO CAB-L A. FETTIG, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

Speccaton of Letters Patent.

GEABING.

Application filed Hay 13, 1915. Serial No. 27,743.

To al? whom it may concern:

Be it known that l'.. Wmnmn MJJNNIE, a

of the Dominion of Canada., residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Diierential Gearing, of which the following is a tion.

The differential gearin constructions 1n common use on motor ve 'cles aresubject to the objection that considerable friction between the wheels and the roadway is neceary to prevent spinning-thns with one wheel deep in the mnd and the other resting on :i relatively smooth surface the latter is apt to be turned alone while the former receives no effectual rotative force.

One object of the present invention is to provide means whereby a very fr1ctional or other resistance to the turning of either Wheel insures a transmission into the otherof a proportion of the total turning moment which co nds more nearly to the ered thereto. Inother words, when a, motor vehicle is stalled, e small resistance oered to the wheel standing onsrelavely snooth insures a much larger force-.being sent-into the wheel that is prevented from' turning by the conditions ofthe-roadway. y A further convenient means for locking oneside 'ofl the dier- @tial so that, when connection with n jsrelrshnfL breakage of on one side will not prevent the-vehicle from be- We 1 Je invention wllbe more folly understood from fullo drawings; inthe lattiero which- A 1 is' horizontal section through s preferred embodiment of the-invention. V15g.2is-:rseetio11ontheline220fFig. L Fig. 3 is a section on ltheline 3 3 of of .'-L 4iso. section` onthe Iine- 4 4 Si-glm refer to like In the nbodinient shown, the diierental contained'. in a canng eonsistingvof the ends and 2, a central wa Send a ring 4,- preferably integral" with the partition. Formed integnil vvithftbe casing. or otherwise rigidly connected tlnnbeto,V is any desired powerthe bevel'gcar 5 shown in the being in meshwith a pinion 6.

This pinion may be mounted on a shaft 7 carried in any proper bearing 8. The ends 1 and 2 may be secured to the inner ring 4 by means of screws or bolts 9. as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. and the inner wall 3 is formed with openi l0 to receive the bevel pinions 11 that mesh with the similar differential gear rings 12. These bevel pinions are. preferably mounted on screws 13 whose heads may be engaged from the outside of the ring 4. The gear rings may be held in proper mesh with the djiferental pmions by means of shoulders 14 formed on the ends 1 and 2; and the latter are preferably formed with hubs 15 in which the f shafts 16 and 1T are rotatably mounted. These shafts are aiso rotatable in hubs 18 formed on the dividing plate 3. and the hubs also serve as mountngs for the spur gears 19 and 20, that are connected to the partition 3 by the pin 21, or in any other desired manner.

vSecured to the shafts 16 and 17, re- Wectvely, are the pinions 22 and 23, which in esh the gears 24 and :25 mounted on pms 26 that are carried by the rings 27 and fsnpportedon the enlargements 29 of the hubs 18of `the central plate. These gears 24and25areoonnectedtothepixons30 and `31, respectively, in any desired manner, pins 32 being.. shown in the drawings; and the onsmesh with the gears 19 and 20 andwith the 33 formed on the interior of the gen1' rings 11 and 1:2. The setsofgears'andQWillpreferablybeof thesame sizeaswillalsobethe gearsSO and 3i.l The ratio between these gears may be changed asdesired to increase or decrease the turning moment exerted thereby. The gears '24, 25, 30 :md 31 are planetary geen-s and serve to drive the shafts 16 and 1T in the same direction as the gear 5. The differential pinions 11 between the gear rings pexc'lmlit relative rotation of the shafts 16 an 7.

In ordinary differential gearing of the general character shown in the drawings, if one of the shafts is stationary, the other will revolve twice as fast as the carrier of the dilerential pinions; and if there were no friction, there would be no stress on the stationary shaft until a. stre is placed upon the revolving shaft, which causes the equal stress upon the .stationary shaft` In the present construction, however, if a. stress is placed upon the revolving shaft, the stress upon the stationary shaft is greatly multiplied. YVhen this diierential gearing structure is applied to a motor vehicle, and one of the driving Wheels of the vehicle sinks into a rut in such a manner that the other, while still in Contact with the roadway, revulves comparativelyr freely, the force brought to br upon the Wheel in the rut because of the arrangements of the planetar;v gears is such that instead of remaining idle, the last mentioned wheel will continue to revolve until the difference in stresses on the two wheels becomes very great. li'his is mused by the leverage of the planetary pin ions. when the pinions --23 are of the same size and theplanetary pinons `--31 :me also of the same size, no djerential action oecnrs and the shafts 16 and 17 will turnasiftlxeywereintegralwiththepart 3. To attain action the pinions :2Q-23 must be of diierent diameters and at the same time, the diameters of the plmetary pinions must be correspondingly changed. Ii now the ease is revolved by means of the pislnions 6, the pinion lll being omitted, the p pmions an gear rings on both sides of die wail 3 will revolve freely Without doing'any work. the pinions 11 are inserted, this :Ereemovement of the planetary is The means of the pinions @the pinion 11 being the pinions 19- 20, the the leverage and the grter bethetendency of the 4two shafts 16 and 1"? torevolte the samedirectiom j Wheny thj; -devi is used in on wither jack shaft and (in wlh ease the shaftslig and 17 jack shaft sections)f it 0D amt 0f `liabilityof a o; Enfe-of one or the other ofthe y `means. for` prerent- .gear ring12. TheankSS-oftheholtmay-slide in. Eis guide 39 fonmed'inthe ping 40, ofthe easing, and a. me i the holt head forees of the lm lesiY "It will be undexstoodtlmt the L 1101MB@ Spring are nmllrremoved, and are inserted in the' position shownfoniy -uponrb of the or oneotheiackshaft the corresponding wheel. When rumored, the threadedopening maybe closed by the plug 4:0or in any other desired manner; when the locking bolt is in the position shown, it prevents rotation of the corresponding ring 12 in respect to the casing, which, in turn, prevents rotation of the pinions 11 and causes the entire gearing, together with the shafts 16 and 17, to turn as one member with the casing. This casing will preferably be filled, at least partially, with a proper lubricant. The gears 19, 20, :24 and 25 are shown in the drawings to be provided with eighteen teeth while the pinions 22, 23, and 31 are shown provided with fourteen teeth, but it should be understood that this proportion is merely illustrative. In case a greater turning moment on the mired wheel is desired, the pairs of gears 24-30 and 25-31 may be so proportioned that they will be of more nearly the same pitch The gears 22--19 and 23-20 most also be proportioned so as to properly mesh with the planetary gears.

Itisclearthatmanyehangesmaybe made in the of construction without departing from the spirit of my invention. Ido not, therefore., Wish to be limited otherwise than as indicated by the subjoined claims.

I claim:-

1. A diferential commotion comprising n combination with alinedsele'lzionsof'n. divided shaft, sup means rotatable about the axis of` e dinded shaft, a diferental pinion sanded by the supporting means, opposed gears driren by the diferential pinion, a'pair of gears, one secured to each ofthelshaftseotions, andv each of the opof the last menionedpair of genas.

2. differential tomstrmztion QDIBPS-g in` combinationY of a dvided a easing, means for causing the to turn about the of the divided shaft, dierential pinions rried by fire casing and mounted to turn about ases n.-

in of the divided with whielivthe pinions are in mesh, a pair of gears-onesewred to-endrof thesliait seetions, andyPlletary interposed each of the-lit menlioned gear-sand the member of of gars.

A i= tialfetion com in mbination'with alined sections of arl vided sha-ft, suppe means mutatie about the axis of the divided shaft, a diferenial pinion carried .b y the slppprting means, opposed gears dnvenfhye dierf entml pinion, a.. of with the supporting member, a third of gears, one eah of the op gears an l e correspondmg gear, secured to the supporting membeqsndlast mentioned pair o gears being capable of traveling in circular paths about the axis of the divided shaft, a fourth pair of gears, one secured to each of the sections of the shaft, and means for causing the third pair of gears to turn the fourth pair of gears.

i. A differential construction comprising in combination with alined sections of a divided shaft, a casing, means for causing the casing to turn about the axis of the divided shaft., differential pinions carried by the casing and mounted to turn aboutiaxes radial in respect to the airis of the divided shaft, gears `with which the pinions are in mesh, a second pair of gears with which the pinions are, respectively, in mh, said second pair of gears being mounted for movement in circular paths about the axis of the divided shaft, a third pair of gears rigid with the casing, the members of the third pair being in mesh, respectively, with the members of the second pair, a fourth pair of gears, one secured to each of the shaft sectionsl and a fifth pair of gears rigidly connected with the corrpondng members of the second pair and being in mesh with the corresponding members of the fourth pair.

5. dierential construction comprising in combination with alined sections 0I a. divided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided shaft, a differeutial pinion carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven by the di'erential pinion, a pairof gears, one secured to each of the shaft sections, planetary gearing interposed between each of the opposed gears and the corresponding member of the last .mentioned pair of gears,l and meansV for n locking one of the gears to the supporting means.

6. A differential construdion comprising in combination with alined sectionsof a dishaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided a. differ ential pinion carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven by the diferental pinion., a pair of gears, one secured to each of the shaft sections, planetary gearing interposed between each of the opposed gears and the corresponding member of the last mentioned pair of gears, and a spring pressed bolt carried by the supporting means and engageable with one of the opposed gears at will to prevent relativerotation of the gears.

7. A diierential construction comprising in combination with alined sections of a divided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided shaft, a dif feientiai pinion carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven by the dier ential pinion and provided with internal teeth, gears secured to the alined sections of the divided shaft, pinions between said gears and the internal teeth of the opposed gears, and means to support said pinons.

8. A differential construction comprising in combination with alined sections of a divided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided shaft, a differential pinion carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven by the differential pinion and provided with internal teeth, gears secured to the alined sections of the divided shaft, pinions between said gears and the interna teeth of the opposed gears, means to supportv said pinions, and means for locking one of the opposed gears to the supporting member of the diiereutial pinion.

` 9. A differential construction comprising in combination with alined sections of a divided shaft, supporting means revoluble about the axis of the shaft, a diierential bevel gear moufnted on said supporting means,apa1ro oppedgearnngseach lateral bevel teeth meshing with said bevel gear and also havin-g internal teeth, and a gearing structure for o vely connecting each ring with the a 'ant section of the divided shaft.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

WILLIAM MENEIE.

of the divided shaft, a fourth pair of gears, one eiired to .each of the sections of the shaft, andl means tor causing the third pair of gears to tui-n the fourth pair of gears.

4. A differential construction comprising in combination with alined sections of a divided shatt, a easing, .means for causing the casing to turn about the axis of the divided shaft, differential pinions carried by the easingr and mounted to turn about axes radial in respect to the axis'of the divided shaft, gears with which the pinions are in mesh, a. secondpair of gears with which the piiiions are, respectively, in mesh, said second pair of gears being mounted for movement in circular paths about the axis of the divided shaft, a third pair of gears rigid with the casing, the members ot the third pair being in`niesh, respectively, with the members of the second pair, a fourth pair of gears, one secured to each ot' the shaft sections, and a fifth pair of gears rigidly connected with the corresponding members of the serond pair and being in mesh with the (foi-responding members of the fourth pair.

A differential construction comprising in combination with alined sections of a divided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the aigis of the divided shaft, a differeiitial pinion Carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven by the diftereiitial pinion, a pair of gears, one see-tired to each of the shaft sections, pianetary gearing interposed between each of the opposed gears and the corresponding member of the last mentioned pair of gears,'and inea-ns for locking one oi the gears 4to the supporting means.

G. A. diiierential construction comprising in combination with aiined sertions of a di- 'vided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided shaft, a difiereutial pinion carried by the supporting means. opposed gears driven by the ditferentiai pinion, a pair ot' gears, one secured t0 each of the shaft sections, planetary gear corrections therein that the same Patent Oicea Signed and sealed thsth day of September, D., 1916.

last mentioned pair of gears, and a spring pressed bolt carried by the supporting tion of the gears. l

7. A differential construction comprising in combination with aimed sections of divided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided shaft, dit ferential pinion carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven by the differential pinion and provided with internal teeth, gears secured to the alined sections of the divided shaft, pinions between said gears and the internal teeth of the opposed gears, and means to support said pinions 8.- A. differential construction comprising in combination with alined sections ofa divided shaft, supporting means rotatable about the axis of the divided shaft, a differential pinion carried by the supporting means, opposed gears driven, by the (litterentiai pinion and provided with internal teeth. gears secured to the alined sections of the divided shaft, pinions between said gears and the internal teeth of the opposed gears, means to support said pinions, and

CII

about the axis oi' the shaft, a diilerent-ial bevel' gear' niounted= on said supporting means. a pair of opposed gea-r rings. each.

having lateral bevel teeth viiiesbing with said bevel gear and also having internal teeth,`

and a gearingstruet'iire for operatively oonneetnig each ring with the adjacent selction. of the divided shaft.

ln testimony whereof I have signed this speeihration.

rection as follows: Page 2,'11ne26,ior the Word pinions eeadpinfion; same'page,

gse-23 are. of the size of; and that the ssidLetters Patent should be read with these F. W. HQ oLAY, l Acting af-Potente.

WiL-MAM, MENNIE, l

strike out line 32 and insert the words and yreference-nuinerals nearer 'the pinion# may conform to the record of the case in the l.

to means and engageable with one ot the opposed gears at will toprevent relative rota-' Corrections in Letters raient No.1 ,193,709Q

recton as follows: Page 2, line 26, for the word pinions need pinion; 5eme page,

It is hereby certified that in Letters PstentNo. 1,193,709, granted August 8, 1916,

upon the application of William Menn'ie, of Detr0i't,Mich1`gan, for an improvement Di'erential Gearing, errors appear in the'prinbed specification requiring corstrke out line 32 and insert, the words and referencemumveras nearer the Amiens I 2*25 are of the size of; and that the said Lett-ers Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform t-o the record of the case the 4 Patent Oee.`

Signed and sealed this 5th day of September, A. D., 1916.

F. W. H. CLAY,

[emu] l Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

